How to Use a Water Pressure Gauge: An Essential Guide

Have you ever noticed water suddenly gushing out stronger than usual or barely coming out at all? These pressure changes may be clues about what’s happening within your plumbing system. 

Keeping tabs on your water pressure can help prevent many problems, from frustratingly weak water flow to costly leaks. Fortunately, using a simple tool like a water pressure gauge can help you keep your water pressure where it should be.

So, here’s everything you need to know about how to use a water pressure gauge, why regular checks matter, and what to do if you encounter high or low readings.

Why Test Water Pressure Regularly?

Keeping an eye on water pressure can make a big difference for your plumbing and appliances. 

Regular testing helps spot potential issues early, reducing the risk of damaged pipes or appliances and ensuring a steady water flow for all your daily needs.

Common Effects of High and Low Water Pressure

When water pressure is too high, it can significantly stress your plumbing system and appliances. Some common effects include:

• Accelerated Wear and Tear: Plumbing fixtures and appliances wear out faster, potentially leading to premature repairs or replacements.
• Leaks and Burst Pipes: The added force on pipes can cause leaks and even burst pipes, which might result in costly emergency repairs.
• Increased Water Bills: Water usage can unintentionally increase with high pressure, leading to higher utility costs.

On the other hand, low water pressure can affect daily activities and reduce the efficiency of home appliances. Common effects include:

• Reduced Flow Rate: Low pressure means slower water flow, affecting showers, faucets, and other fixtures.
• Ineffective Appliance Performance: Appliances like dishwashers and washing machines may not operate optimally, extending wash times or reducing cleaning effectiveness.
• Potential for Clogs: Low pressure can sometimes lead to buildup in pipes, which increases the risk of clogs and blockages over time.

What’s The Ideal Water Pressure Range?

The sweet spot for residential water pressure typically falls between 40 and 60 PSI (pounds per square inch). 

This range supports good flow and appliance performance without putting unnecessary strain on your plumbing system. Staying within this range helps avoid pressure-related issues, allowing your plumbing to perform as it should.

How to Use a Water Pressure Gauge Step-by-Step

Using a water pressure gauge is straightforward if you follow each step with a bit of care. Let’s walk through the process so you can get a reliable reading:

Step 1: Choose the Right Gauge

Not all water pressure gauges are the same. For typical home use, pick one that reads up to 100 PSI, which covers the range for most residential systems. 

Many gauges come with a ¾-inch female hose thread, perfect for connecting to standard outdoor faucets or hose bibs. If you’re unsure, check the gauge’s specifications to ensure it’s a good fit for home plumbing.

Step 2: Locate a Test Point

For the most accurate reading, pick a faucet located near where your main water line enters the house, usually an outdoor faucet. 

Choose a test point close to the pressure tank if you use a well. These spots will give you a reliable sense of the overall pressure in your system.

Step 3: Turn Off All Water Sources

Before you attach the gauge, turn off all water sources inside and outside the house. This means faucets, washing machines, dishwashers, and anything else that could draw water. 

This step helps ensure that the reading reflects true water pressure without fluctuations from water moving through the system.

Step 4: Attach the Gauge Securely

Now, screw the gauge onto your test faucet or hose bib. Hand-tightening usually works, but if it feels loose, give it an extra twist with pliers to prevent leaks. 

A snug fit prevents water from escaping, possibly throwing off your reading.

Step 5: Turn on the Water and Measure

With the gauge in place, fully open the faucet to let water flow through the gauge. 

You’ll see the needle move, showing the PSI level. Wait a few seconds for the needle to settle—this gives you the most accurate measure of the current pressure.

Step 6: Interpret the Results

After the needle settles, check your reading and see where it falls:

• Low Pressure (<40 PSI): Low readings could mean slow flow or weak pressure at faucets and fixtures, often due to blockages or other supply issues.
• Normal Pressure (40–60 PSI): This range is ideal for most homes, and no adjustments are needed.
• High Pressure (>60 PSI): A high reading can stress your plumbing, causing wear and potential damage. Consider adding or adjusting a pressure regulator if it’s consistently over 60 PSI.

Step 7: Test While Running Water Indoors (Optional)

For an added check, you can test pressure while water runs inside. Leave the gauge attached, go inside, and turn on a faucet, like a bathtub.

If the pressure drops sharply (more than 20 PSI), this may indicate issues like restricted flow, a partially closed valve, or a failing pressure-reducing valve. A minor 5–8 PSI drop is normal, but a significant dip suggests something may need attention.

Step 8: Disconnect the Gauge and Store It

With your results in hand, shut off the faucet and remove the gauge. Store it in a safe spot, and remember to retest periodically (every few months is ideal) to track any changes in pressure.

Addressing Water Pressure Issues

Once you’ve taken a reading, it’s time to act on any findings. Here’s how to handle common water pressure issues:

Managing High Water Pressure

If your gauge reads over 60 PSI, you should consider installing a pressure-reducing valve (PRV) if you don’t already have one. 

A PRV can help keep pressure within a safe range and avoid long-term damage to your plumbing. It may need an adjustment or replacement if you already have a PRV and still see high readings.

Adjusting for Low Water Pressure

For low pressure, check if your PRV needs adjustment; many have a simple screw that lets you increase pressure. 

If adjusting the PRV doesn’t help, it might be an issue with the municipal supply, so adding a booster pump can bring it up to a more comfortable level.

How to Use a Water Pressure Gauge Accurately: Key Tips

Getting an accurate water pressure reading can save you from misinterpreting results and help you spot any underlying issues early on. 

Here are some practical tips to ensure your readings are reliable:

• Position the Gauge Correctly: Attach the gauge to a faucet as close to the main water supply line as possible. This reduces any interference from water movement through other pipes, giving you an accurate measure of your system’s pressure.
• Use the Right Tools and Accessories: Opt for a gauge with a rubber gasket for a better seal, which prevents small leaks that could interfere with your reading. This simple addition helps ensure your readings are as accurate as possible.
• Watch for Pressure Fluctuations: Take note if you notice changes in pressure over time. Sudden shifts or ongoing fluctuations can point to issues like small leaks, a failing pressure regulator, or even inconsistent municipal supply.

Keep Your Water Pressure in Check With Our Tools

Using a water pressure gauge may seem simple, but it’s a great way to prevent plumbing issues and keep your home running smoothly. 

Regular checks can help you catch minor pressure shifts before they become major problems, saving you from unexpected repair costs and keeping your water flow steady.

When it comes to reliable tools, New England Manufacturing has you covered. As a 100% veteran-owned business, we’re proud to offer high-quality, durable water flow test equipment built to last. 

Take control of your home’s water pressure and ensure everything flows smoothly; check out our products and get the right tools for the job.